Here is my proposal for a list of ruling authorities for the Free Hanseatic City of Hamburg.
There are some unclear parts:
1) I couldn't figure out, what happened before Charles V
2) I have some condusion about the start and end dates for Leopold I and Joseph I. There was a coin with names on, which overlapped in dates (KM# 256 & KM# 271)
3) I had some troubles figuring out, what happened between the desolution of the Holy Roman Empire and the German Confederation.
Hope it can be used, as a foundation at least :)
Holy Roman Emperors
House of Habsburg:
- Charles V (1553-1556)
- Maximilian II (1562-1576)
- Rudolph II (1576-1612)
- Mathias (1612-1619)
- Ferdinand II (1619-1637)
- Ferdinand III (1637-1657)
- Leopold I (1658-1705)
- Joseph I (1705-1711)?
- Charles VI (1711-1740) House of Wittelsbach:
- Charles VII (1742-1765) House of Lorrain:
- Francis I (1745-1765) House of Habsburg-Lorraine:
- Joseph II (1765-1790)
- Leopold II (1790-1792)
- Francis II (1793-1806) ???
German Confederation (1814-1866)
North German Confederation (1866-1871)
The German Empire (1871-1918)
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No these where simply minted by the city and that is their ruling authority in this case.
all minted under the Holy Roman Empire but the minting authority was the Free City itself.
only a few Cities had the right to mint their own coins. Some only for short periods of time.
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I very much approve of help to add the so many still missing ruling authorities under the German States but no need to add those under the city minted coins.
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Sorry, can you elaborate a bit more? I'll like to understand, even though it is not my decision. Especialy if I get more coins from the city states :)
Are those coins with the HRE on and the name Hamburg, more illegal coins, or what?
Could 'The free & Hanseatic City' then be the ruling authority? Since that's the minting authority, and as I understand you, the "ruling authority"..?
I have a soft spot for origami paper cranes.
Read or watch about "Sadako Sasaki and the Thousand Paper Cranes".
Spread a little peace and happiness wherever you go :)
A few selected cities have been in the Holy Roman Empire given the right by the emperor to mint their own coins.
the ruling authority in this case are the cities themselves as they mint the coins and make all the decisions.
of course in the whole of the Holy Roman Empire there where of course some rules and systems to follow but these cities had quite some freedom.
Starting from the 15th century at least for higher denomination coins cities had to place the emperors names on the coin.
one difference existing for city mi ted coins is that the obverse of a coin is in general the cities arms or the side with the cities name
so in General, the only issuer and ruling authority for City minted coins is the city itself.
I know this does not always apply to coins minted by cities outside of the HRE an example which can be Elbing. Which has coins minted under ruler authorities.
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From time to time I sell some coins on Ebay make sure to follow me @apuking on Ebay.
Stato cambiato a Fatto(stratocaster, 18 Lug 2021, 23:39)
Imperial Cities
About 86 imperial cities came under direct imperial rule and were thus independent of clerical or secular rulers. This status was often coupled with their own mintright. Thalers from imperial cities usually showed the city's arms on the obverse (obv.) together with the legend "moneta nova" (new money) and the name of the city. The reverse (rev.) showed the city's patron or the imperial eagle and a legend with the Emperor's titles. To stress their independance from intermediate rulers, some imperial cities also used the Emperor's portrait.
Charles V's effigy appears on thalers from Lübeck, Nijmegen, Deventer, Campen & Zwolle, Dortmund, Nordhausen, Donauwörth, Kaufbeuren, Isny, Kempten and Besançon.
the cities themselves being in charge of the mint and not under any other sovereign is also the reason that in German Auction listings or in reference books usually you will not see the Emperors name. Even if the name or an emperors bust appears on the coin.
Free cities with the own right to mint their own coins.
If you like coins, medals and tokens with ship motives follow my new instagram account with regular updates @numisnautiker
From time to time I sell some coins on Ebay make sure to follow me @apuking on Ebay.