Based om my limited Italian: not banknotes, but entrance tickets/vouchers (biglietto d'ingresso) of different values printed by
the Ministry of Public Education Office of Antiquities and Arts (Ministero Della Pubblica Istruzione Direzione Orherale Delle Antichità Delle Arti).
I found multiple listings via a reverse google search, however none with much relevant info. Someone else who speaks better Italian and/or is more knowledgeable regarding Italian paper exonumia, please do chime in!
Mods/admin: move to exonumia section